Household Waste Management

Household Waste, also known as domestic Waste or residential Waste, is disposable materials generated by households. This Waste can be comprised of non-Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Waste. Non-Hazardous Waste can include food scraps, paper, bottles, etc., which can be recycled or composted. Examples of Hazardous Waste include batteries and household cleaners. Hazardous Waste must be handled carefully to ensure that they are disposed of properly so they do not cause harm.
Domestic waste has become one of the most significant causes of severe damage to rural eco-environment because of the large amounts of waste discharged and improper disposal (Wang and Lu, 2006). In order to eliminate contamination from domestic waste, a waste management system including waste collection, transportation, and treatment has been established. First, a waste treatment and disposal plan were made to restrict improper disposal and clean up of existing piles of waste near canals, roads, and houses. Second, a domestic waste treatment collection network, including certain numbers of waste collection sites and transfer stations, were built in big villages and counties. Third, waste reclamation technologies, such as methane fermentation, composting, and the production of compound fertilizers was developed and applied.

Types of household waste

  • Organic waste
  • Toxic waste
  • Recyclable waste

Organic Waste

Organic waste, or green waste, is organic material such as leftover food (both vegetarian and non-vegetarian), fruit and vegetable peels, garden and lawn clippings, eggshells, etc. These are also bio-degradable. About a third of the home waste produced is categorized as organic waste. This can easily be made into reusable, high-quality compost if treated properly at home. On the other hand, if this bio-degradable organic waste is dumped into landfill sites, it decays and in the process produces methane gas which is extremely harmful to the environment and may cause unpredictable explosions.

Toxic Waste & Recyclable Waste

Toxic waste are old medicines, paints, chemicals, bulbs, spray cans, fertilizer and pesticide containers, batteries, shoe polish.
Recyclable wastes are paper, glass, metals, and plastics.
Toxic and recyclable wastes are also called inorganic waste. These are not biodegradable and one has to be careful in disposing it. Careless dumping of these materials in open grounds could contaminate the soil and cause serious damage to environment and to life.

How to manage household waste?

1.Reducing your garbage

  • Use cloth bags instead of plastic.
  • Buy food that has less packaging.
  • Do vermicomposting.
  • Reduce your paper usage.
  • Don't use bottled drinks unless you have to.
  • Consider making your own household cleaners and detergents.
2.Reusing and Recycling 
  • Donate items when possible.
  • Reuse containers.
  • Follow your city's recycling policies.
  • Dispose of trash and hazardous waste properly.
3.Composting
  • Save your food scraps and yard cuttings from the trash.
  • Create a compost site.
  • Maintain your compost site.
  • Choose to make either a cold or hot compost heap.
  • Use your compost when it's ready.


References









Comments

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